Prevention Is Key to Avoiding Heat Stroke

6/16/2021

BENTONVILLE – Ironically, the first sign of dangerous heat stroke or heat-related illness is often the absence of sweat. As the temperature rises, your body’s natural cooling mechanism – perspiration – evaporates and helps to cool your body. But on those really hot and humid days, evaporation is slowed, and your body runs a higher risk of heat exhaustion or heat stroke.

"We are seeing an increase in heat-related emergency visits right now. Virtually all heat-related illnesses are preventable,” said Mickey Bryant, director of the emergency department at Northwest Medical Center – Bentonville. “Be extra careful when the heat index is 90 degrees or above, and always drink plenty of water or fluids with electrolytes when the heat index is high. If you must be outdoors, take frequent breaks inside or in the shade. Heat stroke can affect people of any age or fitness level – don’t underestimate the danger.”

Heat exhaustion is a precursor to heat stroke. If you experience any of these symptoms, get out of the heat immediately and slowly drink water or other fluids with salt or sugar, such as a sports drink:

• Pale skin
• Fatigue or weakness
• Dizziness or nausea
• Profuse sweating
• Rapid pulse or fast, shallow breathing
• Muscle weakness or cramps

Do NOT drink caffeine or alcohol, and if you don’t feel better within 30 minutes, seek medical help. Heat exhaustion can progress to heat stroke if not treated. These more dangerous warning signs can indicate heat stroke is imminent:

• Skin that feels hot and dry, but not sweaty
• Confusion or loss of consciousness
• Throbbing headache
• Balance changes or loss of muscle function
• Frequent vomiting
• Trouble breathing

“Heat stroke is more serious than heat exhaustion, and it can be life-threatening,” said Brendi Gale, trauma coordinator at Northwest Medical Center – Bentonville. “If you or someone you know experiences signs of heat stroke, dial 911 or proceed immediately to the nearest ER.” The best treatment for heat stroke is prevention. “At the first sign of overheating it is important to begin cooling measures such as spray with cool water and sit in front of a fan, move to the shade, take a cool shower or bath, remove extra clothing or place cool cloths to your neck, groin and armpits,” said Gale.

Heat stroke occurs when the body reaches a temperature of 104 degrees or higher. Certain groups of people are more vulnerable to heat-related illness. Babies and young children, the elderly and people on certain medications are all at increased risk. So, be an alert and informed neighbor this summer. Check on elderly neighbors regularly, and take action immediately if you see children or pets left in vehicles.

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